Below are the 19 most recent journal entries recorded in kaidonni's LiveJournal:

Tuesday, February 10th, 2009
11:49 am	Haven't posted in a while, but I have something here I want everyone to hear. Bonuses for failure is the agenda of the City at the moment, and hypocritical MPs squandering taxpayers’ money on sofas and potted plants shout on in disgust. Our country is heading for catastrophic debt. Millions are losing their jobs, and in many cases, their homes. Some are even committing suicide because they have lost everything, many through no fault of their own. True, some have got into debt because of their own foolishness and greed, but not all have. And in all of this, lawyers are arguing about contractual obligations and human rights as regards the aforementioned bonuses and their clients (City bankers and managers). I say that at once we put an end to this bilge. At such a time as this, those in the City deserve a lot different to a bonus for what they have done and the system they proudly preside over, gloating at all of us mere mortals. They deserve to be stripped of all their assets and thrown into a dank, dark pit from whence they would never be allowed to return. As for anyone ‘championing’ their cause, the same goes for them. I have no tolerance for apologists, for they expect us to excuse idiocy, they expect us to be sheep. Something has to change, and now. We as a country should not stand for the defiance shown by the City, lawyers, their apologists, nor by MPs. Nothing short of total and complete punishment is acceptable. We must demonstrate that the actions and attitudes that have led to our current economic turmoil, and that persist to this day, are wholly unacceptable. Unless we do that, this will happen again and again. On a final note, some bankers say they are sorry for the current crisis. I say that we should make them sorry, because they are nowhere near that at the moment. I’m not endorsing violence by any means, just that enough is enough, that we have to do something about it all. It ends here. ***** A letter I sent to the newspaper today. It says it all really. Our current system has to change. In recent times, we've either been stuck with Capitalism or Communism. Both systems have their vices and virtues, maybe we should combine these virtues. And maybe there are other systems out there also with virtues we could add in. But something has to change. Current attempts at rescuing our economies are nothing short of the continuation of indulging over-excess. Increasing exports to other countries, etc etc. Building new runways at airports. Not solutions, just attempts to prop up and rescue, for a time, the current system. Then it will come crashing down again. Nobody needs to be an economist or genius to see that. It has happened before, it's happening right now, and it will happen again. We shouldn't have to live with this. We will be the death of ourselves if we do not get things under control. You cannot keep expanding and expanding, you will hit the limit eventually. And Humanity will suffer for it, that is definite. So, will you do something about the idiocy of Humanity, or will you simply stand by and let more trouble be caused? We are using up our world, we are using up ourselves, and it cannot last forever. Saying that it won't happen tomorrow so we don't need to worry or do anything yet is cowardice, running away from the problem. And hear me when I say that people will keep running until it happens, and then they will run some more. (Comment on this)
Monday, April 24th, 2006
4:14 pm	THIS IS A GOOD TEST! You Are Likely a Second Born At your darkest moments, you feel inadequate. At work and school. you do best when you're evaluating. When you love someone, you offer them constructive criticism. In friendship, you tend to give a lot of feedback - positive and negative. Your ideal careers are: accounting, banking, art, carpentry, decorating, teaching, and writing novels. You will leave your mark on the world with art and creative projects. The Birth Order Predictor Current Mood: surprised (Comment on this)
Friday, June 17th, 2005
4:14 pm	I'm going on holiday soon. It's wierd, going to stay at Maidstone Services rather than go in the morning like I'm used to. I have my worldbuilding ready to take with me, and my German books, my music, my Stephen Hawking books. And this puzzle...where there are 48 possible combinations if you use one side (200 if you use both)...along with over 250,000 incorrect combinations! Apparently, there's a competition that if you get all 48 (and photograph them for evidence), you can win 15,000 euros (about £5,000 I'm told). That competition requires you use only one side. (Comment on this)
Wednesday, June 15th, 2005
10:15 am	While reading the Friends Live Journal page... ...I noticed that Wednesday 15th June was sandwiched between Monday 13th June and Tuesday 14th June. I hope I'm not seeing things...because I keep seeing this page that I'm typing on now...and I keep seeing the trees swaying...oh, cool! My hands can touch themselves! Okay...back to the point of the post. I wonder how Wednesday got sandwiched between Monday and Tuesday in the Friends Live Journal page...mmmm, sandwich...[insert Homer Simpson drooling sound here]. Oh, and the 350th Simpsons episode is almost upon us Brits. I'm going on holiday to France for 2 weeks on Friday...means I'll have to ask someone to tape the 350th episode for me. I might be able to post in my Live Journal on Friday. Leaving with my Parents in the evening...going to Maidstone Services...we've reserved a room for one night. My Dad doesn't want to drive all the way to the area around St Malo in one day (it already takes from around 8AM to 6PM/7PM as it is to go from the West Midlands to Dozule (our favourite place to have a holiday in France...nice house close to there...). And if anyone thinks I'm telling them where the house in Dozule is so they can holiday there...forget it. St Malo is about 2 more hours of driving time, so a night in the services will be a lot better. Anyway, that allows us to visit Cora to do some shopping the next day in France...and for a long time I've already decided I'm going to have a crepe for lunch from Cora. There is meant to be a Cora around St Malo, so that means beignet framboise (raspberry donuts) may still be on the menu during some lunchtimes. I love having crepes from Cora. They make them right in front of you at their bakery. Cora is a hypermarket, plus with a number of shops inside, including bakeries and cafes, etc. I'm really referring to the Cora around Caen/Bayeux. I'm not sure what other Cora hypermarkets are like. Hopefully similar. I hope they have raspberry donuts and cookies this time at the usual Cora we go to. And I also look forward to having a break at the Somme Services roughly an hour after getting into France. We go by the Tunnel. Faster, and more fun. I want the weather to be lovely on Friday and Saturday. I want the weather to be lovely for a long time. And it seems the weather has a habit of starting wet or overcast or something, and then brightening up, lately. I get up in the morning, it's overcast. By dinnertime, the sun is shining and there's blue sky everywhere. Well, hopefully the weather will be lovely on Friday and Saturday. I want lovely weather to travel in. And I want the weather to be lovely the rest of the holiday. Current Mood: curious (Comment on this)
Tuesday, June 14th, 2005
10:04 pm	Initial concepts of the first Futurspace story Well, today I may have decided on the initial concepts for the first Futurspace story. Basically, on what I call the Main Homeworld (a name I use for the one planet because I'm worldbuilding at the moment), one primate-based species evolves, like Humans did. However, another species was also making progress towards evolving into more intelligent life forms. However, the primate-based species domesticated this second species and domesticated them in a very unique way. The second species was propogated to be very useful for the primate-based species, to the extent the second species was forcibly evolved (forced to stand on two legs all the time, etc) and controlled. All throughout the history of the primate-based species, this second species was subservient. The primate-based species had a different mind-set to Humanity, and therefore compassion to other species didn't come so easily. In the end, it started to become apparent that the second species was more than just forcibly evolved and domesticated...they were getting more intelligent. Finally, the second species would want civil rights after many events surrounding them and their very existence - at which point a crisis would occur. The primate-based aliens will have had a very different history and very different cultures to those of Humanity, and therefore will treat the situation differently. Being that they had enslaved the second species for many thousands of years, a crisis was imminent. Certain cultures would be outraged at the developments, and groups of people would basically feel very threatened, wondering if the next step would be the second species starting a conquest or something over the primate-based species. Countries on the alien world would start arguing over what to do, over the real problems of giving another species equal rights, and where it might lead them. Bearing in mind that the aliens will have a different mindset, history, and different cultures, anything could be the result of the events surrounding the second species. That result would be a war over the second species. On one side, those who see it vital to purge that second species and anyone who collaborates with them from the planet - on the other side, those who see it vital that the second species, the innocent primate-based species members, freedom and any interests of peace with the second species be protected. Now, I'm not certain if the first story would cover the entire war. More likely it would just cover the very start of the conflict. And there are a lot of things to work out about the very nature of the conflict. Plus a lot of culture building and a lot of worldbuilding to do. However, the idea of a conflict over the second species is a starting place for the first story set in the Futurspace universe. Current Mood: artistic (Comment on this)
Sunday, June 12th, 2005
5:05 pm	Decided to go with aliens-only Futurspace (another possible name is NGC 1232, named for the galaxy the stories would take place in) will feature only non-Humans. Don't get me wrong, people need to be able to relate to the main species to a degree (they may be a primate-based species), and they may look similar to Humans on the surface, especially when considering their faces (I like to be able to distinguish between the main species' members - a Human look can be a good connecting point). Perhaps markings elsewhere on their bodies, and perhaps something like their ears or neck or something can be altered to be non-Human looking. However, I want the cultures and history of the aliens to be very different. So, while the reader needs to connect with the aliens somehow, it will be through what the aliens look like and their equivalent of Humanity and their emotions such as greed and love to name a few. The rest about the aliens - cultures and history - will be alien. The stories can reveal their culture and history. It could be interesting to be able to relate to the aliens, yet also be exploring their existence and who they are and finding out about them. I want more than one story set with the aliens...way more than one story. NGC 1232 could be a better name for the stories simply because considering that I'm using non-Humans only, I could focus on the ancient history of the aliens or their 20th-century or Middle Ages equivalent. At the moment, since I finished my first year at university recently, I've been continuing the planning for the story. Mainly the worldbuilding. Whether or not the first story uses any star systems but the home star system, I still want a star map of the nearest stars...it could easily help get a bearing on where the story is first set...bearing in mind the stories will be set in large spiral galaxy NGC 1232 100,000,000 light years away. Current Mood: artistic (Comment on this)
Saturday, June 11th, 2005
10:26 am	Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas is a great game (and it is exactly that - just a game). I went into Wolverhampton yesterday to get it for my Brother. Took my National Union Of Students card, got a discount...yay! My Brother and I were going half-half. It's a great game. I got killed in the game again...though, it might have had something to do with slamming into a bill board head-first...still, a lot of fun. And that Binco store...cheap quality? I think that those "cheap" green tracksuits are quite fashionable. And the rags. And the green hoodie. I hope there is some biker clothes around...nice leather jacket, great boots, you know what I mean. And those dog tags from Binco...they would look good if only I had some biker clothes. I could also use ram one of the big rigs in the game...recreate Duel. I could also drive a bike into one of the big rigs in the game and then get chased through the storm sewers in the game. Quite fun. Fun game. Just need to get lots of ammunition and armour because I lost the ammunition last time CJ died and got into a shoot-out with the gang that wears purple colours. CJ's muscles are strong...though sometimes they lose slightly a bit of muscle. Stamina is up top. Cycling skill up top. (Comment on this)
10:07 am	I'm back The title of this entry says it all. I'm back. I was kinda lazy before...letting my live journal slip. But now I'm back. Or should I say...Guten Tag! Wie geht es Ihnen? Es geht mire gut. Auf Wiedersehen...I've decided to take up German again. Tried Latin...you can guess how long it took me before I put the Latin books down...there were some confusing explanations. However, German is easier. And more useful. Unless I plan to travel back in time to Ancient Rome. And in that case, I'd probably screw up the timeline in the process...hey, I didn't know Humans had tentacles! I'm able to work on Futurspace again...and I'm not using that worldbuilding system I built ages ago. Somehow, working it all out on paper is a lot better. Plus I don't do that global warming calculation...kinda messed up with it. I just calculate a planet without an atmosphere, and then decide the rest of the atmpospherics for myself. Plus Futurspace will only have aliens in it. I'd like to take the time to complain about global warming. It's happened before. Humans may be contributing...however, global warming is mainly natural first of all because we have an atmosphere. With enough gravity, the Earth was able to retain an atmosphere, which in turn trapped some of the Sun's energy and heated up the planet (Venus was too close, and so trapped a lot more energy than the Earth...). Second of all, we've had ice ages and inter-glacial periods. What made those inter-glacial periods? Global warming (extra global warming beyond just having an atmosphere). Then, eventually, something was affected when the planet heated up too much, and that is happening now. The Conveyor Belt in the Atlantic Ocean, near the Arctic ice caps. Global warming during inter-glacial periods affects more than just temperature. It is a negative feedback mechanism, meaning that eventually something will be affected and the warming will be reversed. However, that means it is quite possible to plummet into an ice age, which again would eventually affect something and reverse the cooling. You can't change one thing without affecting at least something else. Global warming does exactly that. If Humans are contributing at all, we just need to curb the contribution. However, we have to face the reality that eventually, we will have another ice age. When is another matter. And when the next inter-glacial period comes is another matter. It all happened before, it will all happen again (until the Sun starts to grow into a red giant...meanwhile, back at the ranch...). Well, there's my rant for today. You'd think that the world's scientists would just say this...but they want to exploit an opportunity to change Humanity. If Humans are to change, we need to do it honestly, not being coerced or lied to. I wonder...what does everyone think of aliens-only for a story? I want to make the aliens relatable to to an extent...however, I want to make them quite alien too. Current Mood: geeky (Comment on this)
Sunday, January 2nd, 2005
10:25 pm	Haven't posted for some time... Let's see what my excuse for not posting for some time is...hmmm, will anyone accept the excuse "My Scipii army of Rome needed me for a little while"? Current Mood: amused (Comment on this)
Tuesday, December 21st, 2004
4:53 pm	Worldbuilding Well, improved upon the worldbuilding system...you now get the cosmic year in it (how long it takes a star to orbit the galaxy it belongs in). I think Kepler's Laws Of Planetary Motion apply there... (Comment on this)
Thursday, December 16th, 2004
3:19 pm	Global warming Discovered that Humans are likely not responsible for global warming (figures easily...if one knows their geography, such as the ice ages, and if one knows about natural global warming due to having an atmosphere). Problem is is that people might now think that we don't need to worry. First, natural global warming will lead other places and we shouldn't simply think "That's several centuries away, let's forget about it" because that is the same old mistake everyone makes - an exam is several weeks away, so don't plan for it until a few weeks before, and what do know? The exam comes faster than you can say "Let's get down to revision" and no one is properly prepared, or has done all the necessary work. Second, though Humans are not responsible for global warming it doesn't excuse us from proper environmental conduct. Better environmentalism will suit Humanity (not too far, not far enough to destroy the world economy), and it will prevent us from even being able to be responsible for any global warming. So, just because we aren't responsible for global warming, don't be naive and think you don't have any environmental responsibility - we have a massive responsibility - with great power comes great responsibility. Humanity should find a way to control greenhouse emissions by Humans. If we don't, if we act naive, then one day we might be responsible for globla warming, and then that day it is too late. So, we have a lesson about the fact we are not responsible this time for global warming - just don't be responsible for it in the first place. This means Humanity does have a chance to change in the future without the damaging effects of the Kyoto Protocol, etc (http://www.torontofreepress.com/2004/deweese121404.htm is an interesting site...you should read the entire article), but nevertheless we still have to change our ways. We are not excused from responsibility. Current Mood: nerdy (Comment on this)
11:18 am	Evolution Earlier I went into some forums and read up on what some people thought of evolution. I wasn't too happy about what they said (well, about what some people said). I didn't read all of the posts so I could avoid getting upset or angry. However, I still want to post on evolution here to clear up some things. The most important thing about evolution is...IT IS NOT MAGICAL. People sometimes put it across like that, though, thinking you can just become a new animal with new organs. Evolution is never like that. Only in Star Trek or some fantasy story would it be like that. In real life, evolution is far more simpler. Let's get started on evolution then. First of all, take the evolution of a new species. Nothing special. For example, let's say we have two groups of birds of the same species, but they become separated geographically. Now, they will both have a unique environment (not too unique for this example though...we will take a non-too specialised idea for the birds...if they're too specialised for a certain environment, they won't do too well in this scenario). Now, we all have DNA. It determines our physical characteristics. Genes are expressed via alleles where they are located. Now, each group of birds will have a wide range of alleles (remember, our birds in this example are non-too specialised), meaning they will have a wide range of characteristics. This means that, in their unique environment, the characteristics which best help them to survive will be picked out. That means only certain birds will be favoured for survival. Now, after a length of time, the groups of birds will adapt to their new surroundings. However, they may become so different that they won't be able to interbreed anymore. This is called speciation - the creation of a new species. Nothing big. Simple. We can look at bacteria - they were exposed to a new environment - one with antibiotics - and eventually some bacteria had the genetic ability to become resistant to antibiotics due to extensive exposure. Now, those bacteria were favoured, and they passed on the resistance via the R-plasmid (an extra loop of DNA that bacteria have). Now, we seriously have a problem with bacteria, such as MRSA - bacteria has evolved due to the fact it was exposed to a new environment for so long that some bacteria which had better genetic abilities were able to adapt to the antibiotics. Now, natural selection follows the same path. It is more or less the same, actually. A species has more offspring than necessary to make sure populations stay existant (and in ecosystems, populations fluctuate - as prey increase, so do predators, then prey decrease due to increased predators, and then predators decrease due to less prey...and this then continues in a loop). Now, not all the young survive. Those which do survive go on to compete. Those who are best at competing for resources survive better and are able to pass their DNA on when mating. Now, say an individual has a better ability at surviving predator attack (we'll use the mutation that can be possible due to chromosome swapping during meiosis). Say our individual can run better or has better hearing just out of the mutation (the mutation could also have been caused by an external factor, such as chemicals or radiation...might have affected one of the parents, and the gametes could have been affected in the parent). Now, our individual will be better at surviving - the predator will have to go home hungry today...but the individual has survived (in this example...the predator may get lucky). Now, with any luck, they'll survive long enough to pass their genes on - and if they do, some of their offspring may also inherit the ability to survive better (not all the offspring may get it due to meiosis and DNA shuffling). The outcomes I just mentioned are like gender, for example. You have a mother, who only has X chromosomes, so her gametes (the eggs) will only contain X chromosomes. Men have both the X and Y chromosome. That means some sperm will contain the X chromosome and some will contain the Y chromosome. If a sperm does manage to fertilise an egg, the gender of the child is determined by what gender chromosome the sperm has - e.g. say it contains the X chromosome...we have a girl developing in the womb, because XX is for a girl, and XY is for a boy (you can't get YY...men only have the Y chromosome, and men can't have babies...unless your name is Arnold Swarchenegger and you star in 'Junior'). However, DNA doesn't just determine gender...it determines a lot of things, and can get more complex than this. Hope people understood it. Remember - evolution isn't special, it isn't magical. It is simple. Don't treat it as special either. Evolution is sometimes caused by external factors (sometimes...sometimes DNA shuffling during meiosis does it...look it up in advanced Biology...and sometimes the base sequence of a protein is coded incorrectly in a cell, and there is a benefit). Radiation, environment, chemicals...etc. Usually this results in mutation if it is radiation or some kind of chemical, and not all mutations are good, and some mutations simply don't do anything at all. You can get better penicillin production via radiation and mutating the cells which produce penicillin (generally you want to stay away from intense radiation...). However, evolution is nothing special, and is only due to some kind of change individuals can adapt to or a mutation that won't be harmful - and then the change needs to be passed on in the first place. People say that it takes millions of years for evolution, and that every day is a new million years, so why don't we get new animals all the time - it doesn't go like that. It isn't magical. When we say it happens all the time, we mean that there is a change that will slowly accumulate in a group of individuals over a time, changing them, and it is usually due to some kind of stimulus. Above all, if a species is too specialised, and it is exposed to a new change, such as environment, the species might not survive. Generalisation is the key - look at how Humans have adapted to different climates - Africa, Alaska, then temperate zones - you might have more melanin in your skin to survive the sun's harmful rays better in an environment where the sun is more intense, and your offspring and their offspring and their offspring, etc, move around to different climates, say where they don't need so much protection from the sun's rays - and they adapt and change. If they move to a place where less surface area would be beneficial to avoid too much heat loss in a cold climate, they will adapt and change. Diversification is the key to evolution or adaption (if you adapt too much to a different climate or environment, you could become so different you can't interbreed with the species you used to be part of, so basically you become a new species). Change stimulates change - evolution. And evolution comes in more than just the biological guise...take a game development team. Or Pixar. You find a new technology to exploit, and you advance - you might even affect the entire world (such as Pixar has...ever since Pixar, we've had people like Dreamworks and Blue Sky Studios doing the same because they know it works and that people will like it). Then, the world changes, it evolves. Or, you make a game like Half Life, and you change the face of gaming, showing what makes a real game (other games do this too...Doom, Command And Conquer, Age Of Empires, Final Fantasy, Tomb Raider, etc etc) - and then people follow that path too, and change the gaming industry. Take Half Life 2 - very interactive world, you can just about pick up or manipulate everything (I refuse to go into detail on that...it'd contain spoilers). The gaming industry now knows that we have the tech to create a fully interactive world and make games better and more enjoyable - so we do that, we evolve games, we make the physics more realistic. Evolution - nothing special or magical. NB: Characters change in stories, and therefore evolve...lol, had to add that side note... Current Mood: nerdy (Comment on this)
Monday, December 13th, 2004
1:58 pm	Working out global warming It's that thing again...worldbuilding! And this time to do with atmosphere. I can determine the temperature of planets without an atmosphere, but with an atmosphere, things go different. Planets receive solar radiation, and radiate radiation back into space, and both are in equilibrium. If they are not, then the planet heats up or cools down to get in equilibrium. I want to determine how much global warming would be required (or cooling) to get equilibrium. Current Mood: creative (Comment on this)
Sunday, December 12th, 2004
10:01 pm	Just took the "What Kind Of Intelligence Do You Have" test...twice Your Dominant Intelligence is Logical-Mathematical Intelligence You are great at finding patterns and relationships between things. Always curious about how things work, you love to set up experiments. You need for the world to make sense - and are good at making sense of it. You have a head for numbers and math ... and you can solve almost any logic puzzle. You would make a great scientist, engineer, computer programmer, researcher, accountant, or mathematician. What Kind of Intelligence Do You Have? Your Dominant Intelligence is Spatial Intelligence You've got a good sense of space and how the world around you looks. You can close your eyes and "see" images. You have innate artistic talent. An eye for color and shapes, you're also a natural designer. Since you think in pictures, visual aids and demonstartions help you learn best. You would make a good navigator, sculptor, visual artist, inventor, architect, interior designer, or engineer. What Kind of Intelligence Do You Have? Current Mood: curious (Comment on this)
11:23 am	Animation I started an animation with 12 frames per second. I storyboarded it first, drawing a fish who greets his friend (and then does something rude, bubbles floating upwards, and his friend will be unimpressed and swim away). Now, I might do that bit later. First, I might see if I can get a few seconds of the first fish just swimming there. This is all 2D and hand-drawn, the good old-fashioned way to animate (3D animation is great too). Current Mood: creative (Comment on this)
Saturday, December 11th, 2004
10:33 pm	Realistic worldbuilding Almost finished building the system in Excel...darn moons, they have the same year as their planet they orbit, and a lunar month...I also want to add a part to measure what weight in Newtons and Kilograms something might be in another gravity, lower or higher than 9.81 Newtons per kilogram. Have to add headers and footers for the pages, etc. (Comment on this)
9:44 am	Realistic worldbuilding For another story I'm planning out, based in space, I've been doing realistic worldbuilding. Well, since I learnt more science (determining temperature of planets, Kepler's Laws Of Planetary Motion, etc) I've been building a system in Excel. You can create a star, a tidally locked planet, and determine the tidally locked planet's year in a number of ways, at the moment. Need to do a non-tidally locked planet, then a tidally locked moon, and a non-tidally locked moon. There'll be a different 'Year Calculator' for each to determine the years. Added in the Roche Limit and Roche Sphere - the former is how close a planet or moon can get to it's Primary (the object it orbits) before it is pulled apart by gravity and tidal forces and the latter is the gravitational sphere of the planet, star or moon - e.g. the Earth's Roche Sphere is about 0.01 Astronomical Units, or 1,495,978,077 metres or so, and if the moon was out of that range, it would more likely orbit the sun. Current Mood: cheerful (Comment on this)
Friday, December 10th, 2004
10:28 pm	Friends List To make an important announcement, anyone who happens to be in my Friends list and in the one group I have specified as the Forward Motion Writers Friends will be able to see my novel snippets. Sorry to anyone else who is not listed in the group. I'm just trying to protect publishing rights by not putting snippets public. Only people from Forward Motion Writers will be put in the group at the moment. Sorry again. Current Mood: sympathetic (Comment on this)
10:15 pm	Assignment Results at University Today at university, I got the results back for an assignment. The module was DM1006 - Introduction To Digital Sound. The first of the two assignments involved recording an interview, transcribing it and editting the interview into a minimum 1 minute and maximum 2 minute composition. I got a B13 overall. A16 A15 A14 Outstanding Performance B13 B12 B11 Very Good Performance C10 C9 C8 Good Performace D7 D6 D5 Satisfactory Performance Anything E and below is a fail (E grades are compensatable fails) I was told that 25% of all animation students doing the assignment failed (BEFORE I got my results...it crushed my hopes in a sense, made me more nervous...). Current Mood: relieved (Comment on this)